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Georgia Hackberry,
Celtis pumila
Calyx 5-6 lobed nearly to base. Petals absent. Superior ovary with 2 stigmas, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Osage-orange,
Maclura pomifera
Fruit large & spherical, a multiple of drupelets encased by a fleshy calyx, per Woody Plants of the Southeastern US: A Winter Guide (Lance, 2004).
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Eastern Bastard-toadflax,
Comandra umbellata var. umbellata
Perianth consists of a cuplike calyx w 5 spreading white lobes (no petals), per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Buffalo-nut,
Pyrularia pubera
Calyx 5-lobed; petals absent; style short & thick, per Native Shrubs and Woody Vines of the Southeast (Foote & Jones, 1989).
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Dutchman's Pipe,
Isotrema macrophyllum
Flower is a fleshy tubular S-curved calyx terminating in 3 spreading lobes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Common Wild Ginger,
Asarum canadense
Calyx tube 4-10mm long; calyx lobes acuminate to short-caudate, 10-25mm long, spreading, per Weakley's Flora (2022).
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Acuminate Wild Ginger,
Asarum acuminatum
Calyx lobes initially erect to ascending, spreading at full anthesis (but tips curving forward), per Weakley's Flora (2022).
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Acuminate Wild Ginger,
Asarum acuminatum
Calyx lobes long-caudate, 15-35mm long, per Weakley's Flora (2022).
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Reflexed Wild Ginger,
Asarum reflexum
False calyx tube cylindric, externally hirsute (often densely), per Flora of North America.
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Reflexed Wild Ginger,
Asarum reflexum
Calyx lobes reflexed, oft appressed against tube (but spreading or ascending as fruit develops), per Weakley's Flora (2022).
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Acuminate Wild Ginger,
Asarum acuminatum
Calyx tube 10-20mm long (vs. that of A. canadense 4-10mm long), per Weakley's Flora (2018).
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Little Brown Jug,
Hexastylis arifolia
Calyx tube may be ovoid with short erect lobes, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Little Brown Jug,
Hexastylis arifolia
Calyx tube may be urceolate-campanulate with spreading lobes, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Little Brown Jug,
Hexastylis arifolia
Calyx gradually contracted to a smooth waist just below calyx lobes, per Weakley's Flora.
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Appalachian Little Brown Jug,
Hexastylis ruthii
Calyx lobes erect, 2-4mm long, 2-4mm wide at base, per Weakley's Flora.
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Finzel's Heartleaf,
Hexastylis finzelii
Calyx lobes three, erect, broadly triangular, wider than long, per A new Hexastylis (Aristolochiaceae) from Northeast Alabama (U.S.A.) with notes on the species “groups” within the genus (Keener, 2020).
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Alabama Heartleaf,
Hexastylis speciosa
Inside of calyx with numerous well-defined yellow & maroon stripes oriented toward flower center, per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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Finzel's Heartleaf,
Hexastylis finzelii
Lower portion of the calyx narrowly cuplike, abruptly expanded into a much broader upper half, per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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Alabama Heartleaf,
Hexastylis speciosa
Lower portion of the calyx narrowly cuplike, abruptly expanded into a much broader upper half, per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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Dwarf-flower Heartleaf,
Hexastylis naniflora
Calyx lobes 4-7mm long, 4-7mm wide at base, spreading, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Virginia Heartleaf,
Hexastylis virginica
Calyx lobes 2-4mm long, erect to slightly spreading, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Virginia Heartleaf,
Hexastylis virginica
Calyx tube cylindrical to narrowly cylindro-urceolate, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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French Broad Heartleaf,
Hexastylis rhombiformis
Calyx lobes 3-6mm wide at base, erect to slightly spreading, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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French Broad Heartleaf,
Hexastylis rhombiformis
Calyx tube rhombic-ovate, 16-24mm long, 12-19mm in diameter, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Mountain Heartleaf,
Hexastylis contracta
Calyx tube rhombic-ovate (broadest near middle); lobes 3-8mm wide at base, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Sandhill Heartleaf,
Hexastylis sorriei
Calyx tube 8-18mm long, flared; calyx lobes shorter than width of tube orifice, per Weakley's Flora.
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Large-flower Heartleaf,
Hexastylis shuttleworthii
Calyx tube 15-40mm long, lobes 10-22mm wide at base, spreading ascending, per A Review of the Taxonomy & Biogeography of Hexastylis, Aristolochiaceae (Gaddy, 1987).
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Harper's Heartleaf,
Hexastylis harperi
Calyx tube broadly urceolate-campanulate or rhombic-ovate/broadest near middle, per Weakley's Flora.
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Sandhill Wild-buckwheat,
Eriogonum tomentosum
Calyx of 2 whorls, each of 3 united sepals. Petals absent, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Curly Dock,
Rumex crispus ssp. crispus
Calyx has 3 narrow outer sepals & 3 inner sepals that expand in fruit, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Mild Waterpepper,
Persicaria hydropiperoides
Calyx roseate below, pink or cream-white at the lobe apices, per Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States (Godfrey & Wooten, 1979 & 1981).
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Swamp Smartweed,
Persicaria setacea
Racemes densely flowered. Calyx greenish to pinkish or whitish, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Arrowleaf Tearthumb,
Persicaria sagittata
Flowers have 5 [calyx] lobes and usually 8 stamens, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
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Climbing Buckwheat,
Fallopia convolvulus
Flowers in axillary fascicles or racemes. Calyx green to white or pinkish, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Common Climbing Buckwheat,
Fallopia scandens
Calyx with a distinctly wavy or tattered margin and wing-keeled in fruit, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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Japanese Knotweed,
Reynoutria japonica var. japonica
Flowers in axillary, paniculate racemes. Calyx 1.5-2mm long in flower, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Garden Four-o'clock,
Mirabilis jalapa var. jalapa
Petaloid calyx w a narrow tube 3-4cm long, the spreading portion to 5cm diam, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Erect Spiderling,
Boerhavia erecta
Flowers without calyx-like involucres, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Knawel,
Scleranthus annuus ssp. annuus
Cymes congested, flowers numerous. Calyx tube coarsely ribbed, hardened, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Rose Campion,
Silene coronaria
Calyx thickly 10-veined, obovate; corolla rich magenta-pink, sometimes white, per Flora of North America.
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Soapwort,
Saponaria officinalis
A green or red-tinged calyx tube, 10 protruding stamens and usually 2 styles, per Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019).
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Starry Campion,
Silene stellata
Flowers have an inflated, bell-shaped calyx, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Starry Campion,
Silene stellata
Calyx campanulate, sepals united, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Forked Catchfly,
Silene dichotoma ssp. dichotoma
Calyxes narrowly tubular. Stems hairy but not glandular, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Bladder Campion,
Silene vulgaris
Inflated calyx sac is veined and papery and looks like a balloon or melon, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Sleepy Catchfly,
Silene antirrhina
Calyx tube ovoid, glabrous, 6-9mm long, its lobes frequently purplish, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Fire-pink,
Silene virginica var. virginica
Flower stalks and calyx are covered with dense, sticky, glandular hairs, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Royal Catchfly,
Silene regia
Calyx prominently 10-veined, tubular in flower, 18-25 x 3-4mm, per Flora of North America.
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South Carolina Wild-pink,
Silene caroliniana var. caroliniana
Calyx tube glandular-pubescent, 15-22mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Night-flowering Catchfly,
Silene noctiflora
Calyx prominently 10-veined, ovate-elliptic, fusiform, narrowed to both ends, per Flora of North America.
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Eastern Fringed Campion,
Silene catesbyi
Calyx becoming 2.5cm long, per Manual of the Southeastern Flora (JK Small, 1933).
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Southern Leatherflower,
Clematis crispa
Flowers solitary, terminal on each branch. Calyx cylindric below, flared above, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Northern Leatherflower,
Clematis viorna
Petals absent. Thick, firm sepals form a leathery urn-shaped calyx, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Round-lobed Hepatica,
Hepatica americana
What appear to be petals are actually sepals, and beneath these are 3 bracts simulating a calyx, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Virginia Sweetspire,
Itea virginica
Cylindric capsules 2-grooved, beaked with swollen pistil, within persistent calyx, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Climbing Hydrangea,
Hydrangea barbara
Calyx tube 7-10 ribbed, turbinate, about 1.5mm long in anthesis, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Appalachian Mock-orange,
Philadelphus inodorus
Stems & calyx usually glabrous, per Woody Plants of the Blue Ridge (Lance).
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Hairy Mock-orange,
Philadelphus hirsutus
Stems & calyx hairy, per Woody Plants of the Blue Ridge (Lance).
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Snowy Hydrangea,
Hydrangea radiata
Sterile flowers are 1-3.5cm broad, consisting of a flat 3-4 lobed calyx, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Two-leaved Miterwort,
Mitella diphylla
Calyx tube mostly cup-shaped, the petals small and deeply fringed, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).