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Domestic Oats,
Avena sativa
Spikelets 15-30mm long, 6-10mm wide. Glumes usually 9-nerved, glabrous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Appalachian Hairgrass,
Avenella flexuosa
Spikelets have 2 fertile flowers, each with a lemma with a striking bent awn, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Appalachian Hairgrass,
Avenella flexuosa
Loose open inflorescence with spikelets at tips of long flexible branches, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Silver Hairgrass,
Aira caryophyllea
Pedicels usually 1-2× as long as the spikelets (vs. 2-8× in A. elegans), per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Elegant Hairgrass,
Aira elegans
Pedicels usually 2-8× long as spikelets; upper lemma awn 1.5-2.5mm, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Green Needlegrass,
Piptochaetium avenaceum
Panicle's slender branches 2-4cm long, each bearing 1 or 2 spikelets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Arrowfeather,
Aristida purpurascens
Spikelets with 3 straight to spreading awns, 12-25mm long, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Cogongrass,
Imperata cylindrica
Spikelike, tightly branched panicle. Spikelets obscured by silky hairs, per Nonnative Invasive Plants of Southern Forests (Miller, 2003).
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Timothy,
Phleum pratense ssp. pratense
Panicle dense spikelike, cylindrical. Spikelets strongly flattened, 1-flowered, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Smut-grass,
Sporobolus indicus
Sporobolus is one of many genera with one floret per spikelet, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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West Indian Dropseed,
Sporobolus jacquemontii
Primary branches appressed to strongly ascending, spikelet-bearing to base, per Grass Manual on the Web.
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Rough Dropseed,
Sporobolus clandestinus
Spikelets 4-8mm. Lemma pubescent, usually conspicuously shorter than palea, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Pink Muhlygrass,
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Spikelets one-flowered, awns 3-12mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Nimblewill,
Muhlenbergia schreberi
Ear [inflorescence] 5" long; earlet [spikelet] sharp pointed with 1 long awn, per Field Guide to the Grasses, Sedges & Rushes of the US (Knobel, 1899) (Faust, 1977).
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Nimblewill,
Muhlenbergia schreberi
Spikelets one-flowered, the rachilla disarticulating above the glumes, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Autumn Bentgrass,
Agrostis perennans
Spikelets usually not clustered near the tips of the branchlets, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Autumn Bentgrass,
Agrostis perennans
Spikelets scattered, but absent from the basal portion of panicle branches, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Coastal Bog Bentgrass,
Agrostis altissima
Spikelets usually clustered near the tips of the branchlets, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Nuttall's Reedgrass,
Greeneochloa coarctata
Spikelets 1-flowered. Glumes 6-7mm long, scabrous, long-acuminate, per The Grasses of North Carolina (Blomquist, 1948).
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Bearded Shorthusk,
Brachyelytrum erectum
Inflorescence ~ 4-7" long, spikelets strongly ascending with very long awns, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Toothache Grass,
Ctenium aromaticum
A recurved 1-sided spike bearing spikelets in 2 rows, with conspicuous awns, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Florida Toothache Grass,
Ctenium floridanum
Spikelets pectinately arranged on one side of a continuous rachis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Crowfoot Grass,
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Rachis end projects in a point beyond spikelets, which lie along one side, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Goosegrass,
Eleusine indica
Spikelets in 2 rows on one side of spikes, lemmas and glumes awnless, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Bermuda Grass,
Cynodon dactylon
Spikelets 1-flowered, awnless, sessile in 2 rows along one side of rachis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Dune Fingergrass,
Eustachys petraea
Spikelets closely arranged on 2 sides of a 3-sided spike, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Green Sprangletop,
Disakisperma dubium
Seedhead branches triangular in cross-section. Spikelets have 4-7 florets, per Yavapai County Native & Naturalized Plants.
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Catchfly Cutgrass,
Leersia lenticularis
Blades lax, 1-2cm wide. Panicle open; spikelets closely imbricate, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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White Cutgrass,
Leersia virginica
Spikelets oblong, closely appressed to the branchlets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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White Cutgrass,
Leersia virginica
Leersia's spikelets are one-flowered, strongly compressed laterally, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Rice Cutgrass,
Leersia oryzoides
Spikelets elliptic, sparsely hispidulous, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Rice Cutgrass,
Leersia oryzoides
Axillary panicles partly included in the sheaths, spikelets cleistogamous, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Southern Wild-rice,
Zizania aquatica var. aquatica
Erect upper branches with female spikelets, spreading lower branches w male, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Perennial Foxtail-grass,
Setaria parviflora
Spikelets 2-2.5 or even 3mm long; bristles 1-3x or even 6x long as spikelet, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Yellow Foxtail,
Setaria pumila
Longer bristles 2-3x as long as the spikelet, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Yellow Foxtail,
Setaria pumila
4-12 bristles below each spikelet, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Coastal Plain Bristlegrass,
Setaria corrugata
Bristles green or purple, to 2cm long - much exceeding the spikelets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Coastal Plain Bristlegrass,
Setaria corrugata
Bristles 1-3 below each spikelet, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Nodding Foxtail Grass,
Setaria faberi
Panicle conspicuously nodding; spikelets about 3mm long, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Dune Sandbur,
Cenchrus tribuloides
Involucre of spines fused into a bur; spines 4-8mm long, spikelets concealed, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Tender Fountaingrass,
Cenchrus setaceus
Pennisetum's spikelets are surrounded by an involucre of bristles, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Shortleaf Basketgrass,
Oplismenus setarius
Racemes subglobose, each w about 5 spikelets; awn of first glume 4-8mm long, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Rough Barnyard-grass,
Echinochloa muricata var. muricata
Spikelets > 3.5mm long. Sterile lemma usually awned, the awn 6-25mm long, per Weakley's Flora.
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Swamp Barnyard-grass,
Echinochloa walteri
Panicle branches spikelike, spikelets congested on short secondary branches, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Water Paspalum,
Paspalum fluitans
Panicle branches extend beyond outermost spikelets & disarticulate at maturity, per Weakley's Flora.
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Sour Paspalum,
Paspalum conjugatum
Spikelets solitary, ovate, light yellow, conspicuously ciliate-fringed, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Dallis-grass,
Paspalum dilatatum ssp. dilatatum
Terminal racemes with 3-7 alternate spreading branches, spikelets 4-rowed, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Dallis-grass,
Paspalum dilatatum ssp. dilatatum
Spikelets ovate, acuminate, 3-4mm [anthers & feathery stigmas protruding], per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Dallis-grass,
Paspalum dilatatum ssp. dilatatum
Spikelets have long silky hairs like P. urvillei, but are larger (3-3.5mm), per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Vasey Grass,
Paspalum urvillei
Spikelets 4-rowed, light-green often with dark flowering parts extending, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Vasey Grass,
Paspalum urvillei
Spikelets 2-3mm with conspicuous silky hairs, a rare occurrence in Paspalum, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Field Crowngrass,
Paspalum laeve var. laeve
Spikelets orbicular, 2.5-3mm broad, in two rows, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Early Crowngrass,
Paspalum praecox
Racemes terminal, longest usually < 6cm. Spikelets flattened, yellowish-green, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Florida Paspalum,
Paspalum floridanum
Racemes 3-13cm long (longest > 6cm). Spikelets in 4 rows or by abortion 3 or 2, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Florida Paspalum,
Paspalum floridanum
Spikelets suborbicular or broadly ellipsoid; pedicels 1-2mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Florida Paspalum,
Paspalum floridanum
Spikelets 3-4mm long, flat-rounded, white waxy sometimes brown or peeling, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Florida Paspalum,
Paspalum floridanum
Terminal racemes with 2-7 ascending branches, w large spikelets in 2 rows, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Slender Crabgrass,
Digitaria filiformis var. filiformis
Spikelet, showing shiny dark brown fertile lemma beneath upper glume.
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Hairy Crabgrass,
Digitaria sanguinalis
Spikelets about 3mm long, sterile lemma strongly nerved, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Browntop Millet,
Urochloa ramosa
Spikelets borne singly in each row, 2-4mm long, per Weakley's Flora.