Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Monocots: Asparagales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Tipularia discolor
FAMILY
Orchidaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
You may enjoy reading Orchids of the Francis Marion National Forest by Jim Fowler.
Learn more about Cranefly Orchid from the Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
Hughes et al. (2019, 2021) studied the anthocyanins and their distributions in the leaves, describing 4 types: solid green above and solid purple beneath, green with raised purple spots above and solid purple beneath, dark purple above and bright purple below, and brownish purple above and below. See The same anthocyanins served four different ways: Insights into anthocyanin structure-function relationships from the wintergreen orchid, Tipularia discolor.
Tipularia discolor is one of the commonest orchids in e. North America, a familiar and easy to identify species through the fall, winter, and spring by its ovate leaves with acute-acuminate apex, and solid purple (rarely brownish-purple or greenish-purple) leaf undersurface. Read more in Weakley's Flora (2023).
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Tipularia discolor
FAMILY
Orchidaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Tipularia discolor
SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 26 (2002)
Tipularia discolor
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Tipularia discolor
SYNONYMOUS WITH VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 049-16-001:
Tipularia discolor FAMILY Orchidaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Tipularia unifolia
COMMON NAME:
Cranefly Orchid
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
JK Marlow jkm0401e_03
January Greenville County SC
Each plant puts out a single leaf to absorb sunlight all winter, per Great Smoky Mountains Wildflowers (Campbell, Hutson, Sharp, & Hutson, 1962).
Roxanna Martin rlm21212_cmp33
February Spartanburg County SC
Perennial from a swollen underground stem with only a few spongy roots, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001).
JK Marlow jkm180728_3516
July Haywood County NC
Corneille Bryan Native Garden
Flower scape has 20-40 flowers in a loosely arranged raceme, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
Gill Newberry gn08_t_discolor_flowers
August
Flowers greenish, lemon-yellow, rust-brown or purplish, on slender pedicels, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
JK Marlow jkm070802_013
August Pickens County SC
Flowers have narrow sepals and petals and are about 1/2-3/4" wide, per Wild Orchids of South Carolina: A Popular Natural History (Fowler, 2005).
Don Lewis tdl_1354
August? Greenville County SC
Firefly Forest
Its loose arrangement and subdued flower colors provide camouflage, per Wild Orchids of South Carolina: A Popular Natural History (Fowler, 2005).
JK Marlow jkm0312a_10
December Greenville County SC
Fruits are hanging ellipsoid capsules, about 0.5" long, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
JK Marlow jkm0312b_25
December Greenville County SC
The single leaf is green above and purplish beneath, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Tipularia discolor
FAMILY
Orchidaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Tipularia discolor
FAMILY
Orchidaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Tipularia discolor
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 26
Tipularia discolor
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Tipularia discolor
SYNONYMOUS WITH
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 049-16-001:
Tipularia discolor
FAMILY
Orchidaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Tipularia unifolia
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